ABSTRACT
A rapid RP-HPLC method was developed for the detection and quantitation of nigerloxin, a fungal metabolite active against diabetic complications, in rat plasma. The method was validated and employed to analyze samples obtained from a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of the nigerloxin at 100 mM/kg body weight to wistar rats. The assay exhibited a dose-dependent response in a linear range from 2-500 µg/mL in rat plasma. The Cmax, AUC, and t1/2 were found to be 10.68±2.05, 49.01±8.23, 6.5±1.4, respectively. In another study, nigerloxin was fed to rats over a period of 14, 28, and 90 days at 100 mM/kg body weight. The results showed that nigerloxin fed rats were not adversely affected, based on the evaluation of various toxicological parameters. Thus, the results of the present study and the preliminary pharmacokinetic profile of the metabolite indicated the absence of any toxicity and promised its possible future application as a molecule against diabetic complications without any side effects.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cancer is a multifactorial disease. Repetitive cumulative damage of cellular organelles by oxy-free radicals are few of the important causative factors. AIM: To assess the role of oxidative stress in the laryngeal cancer patients in Indian population. SETTING AND DESIGN: Case control study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Level of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of oxidative stress was examined in large cohort of control (50) and laryngeal carcinoma patients (155) from North India. Both the controls and laryngeal carcinoma patients were smokers. RESULTS: In control healthy subjects MDA levels were 0.102+/-0.07 (0.080- 0.303, 95% CI) n mol/ml, as compared to 0.329+/-0.16 (0.124-0.354, 95% CI) n mol/ml in the cases of laryngeal carcinoma patients. Three times higher serum MDA levels indicated that there was significant oxidative stress in the subjects having laryngeal carcinoma lesions. In addition patients with secondaries were having MDA levels of 0.4+/-0.02 (0.391-0.408 95% CI) n mol/ml, as compared to 0.57+/-0.03 (0.558-0.582 95% CI)n mol/ml in group of patients without secondaries. These two values were statistically significant as compared to control values (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that in case of laryngeal carcinoma patients, there is increase in the level of oxidative enzyme MDA. The oxidative stress might be due to the modulation of pro-oxidant or anti-oxidant systems in laryngeal carcinoma.
Subject(s)
Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , Laryngeal Neoplasms/metabolism , Male , Malondialdehyde/blood , Middle Aged , Oxidative Stress , Biomarkers, Tumor/bloodABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Rheumatic heart disease is a major health problem in our country. There is evidence from South India that its prevalence is declining. This study attempts to confirm whether this is so in North India as well. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 118,212 (68,357 males, 49,855 females) schoolchildren in the age group of 4-18 years were examined for the presence of heart disease. Evaluation, including echocardiography, confirmed that of a total of 389 suspected to have heart disease, 61 had rheumatic heart disease. Thus, the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease was found to be approximately 0.5 per 1000 children. CONCLUSION: In a fairly large school survey conducted by us, the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease turned out to be approximately 0.5 per 1000 children. This is the lowest figure reported from our country so far and confirms the decline of this disease in our country.